Investing in Tufs

Case Summary Investing in TUFS The case refers to a company called Northern Insurance and their huge investment on TUFS (Technical Underwriting Financial System). That system was the largest investment ever made on IT by Northern Insurance and it was supposed to assist the company by â€Å"streamlining the underwriting process and providing strategic e-business capabilities†. Yet, after a couple months, TUFS became the cost-center of the company, spending almost $4 million, and therefore the CIO, Martin Drysdale’s job was on the line.He had a meeting with the CFO, Melissa Freeman, to discuss the reasons why the system was not providing the benefits it was supposed to and whether to keep investing on it. Discussion Questions: 1. TUFS was a great idea that would help the company a lot. It was supposed to help streamlining the underwriting process and therefore with cost savings. However, the technicians did not get any participation from the underwriters.Also, the departm ents were not in the same page in the creation of the system, and the result was a lot of money had to be spent on fixing underwriting errors that kept appearing over and over again. Additionally the senior underwriting managers still insisted on old reports instead of just looking it online, one of the benefits of TUFS. And lastly, there was a lack of business involvement in decisions, which contributed to the disappointment of the system.In conclusion, most of the resource of the company was spent on addressing underwriting issues that could have been prevented from the beginning if the underwriters and technicians had worked together (or did not lack in communication). 2. The IT people from the TUFS and the underwriter managers must get together and change the system so the whole situation with fixing one mistake and finding many others is prevented. Also, the system needs to be created (or changed) in such a way that it is easy and comfortable for the underwriters to use.To help with the transition to using the TUFS, a training program for the underwriting department would be perfect. Furthermore, the company needs to prioritize all the projects and apply deadlines to them so they have a clear list of what and by when to do it. 3. The benefits can be measured by comparing the amount of time spent using the old system and the new one (including training). And also, the company could have some kind of cost savings scorecard, and again compare the old system with the new one.

Shallow

Students will appreciate the multi-disciplinary nature of societal issues such as technology, communication, the internet. Students will explore the scientific, social, economic, political and artistic nature of technology-related challenges facing society. Finally, students will continue to take charge of your own liberal arts education. This ours requires a significant amount of self-discipline and independent motivation. To get the most out of this course, students must put their own best effort into the course.The aim of education should be to teach us rather how to think, than what to think-? rather to improve our minds, so as to enable us to think for ourselves, than to load the memory with the thoughts of other men. John Dewey â€Å"We should never lose our zest for living, our excitement and enthusiasm, our curiosity, our desire to know. The person who does is certainly blind to the world, its miracles and possibilities, and one's own possibilities. Earl Nightingale Academic Integrity Policy Students of the university must conduct themselves in accordance with the highest standards of academic honesty and integrity.Failure to maintain academic integrity will not be tolerated. The following definitions are provided for understanding and clarity. Definitions of Plagiarism, Cheating and Academic Dishonesty Student plagiarism is the deliberate presentation of the writing or thinking of another as the student's own. In written or oral work a student may make fair use of quotations, ideas, images, etc. , that appear in others' work only if the student gives appropriate credit to the original authors, thinkers, owners or creators of that work. This includes material found on the internet and in electronic databases.Cheating entails the use of unauthorized or prohibited aid in accomplishing assigned academic tasks. Obtaining unauthorized help on examinations, using prohibited notes on closed-note examinations, and depending on others for writing of essays or t he creation of other assigned work are all forms of cheating. Academic dishonesty may also include other acts intended to misrepresent the authorship of academic work. Deliberate acts threatening the integrity of library materials or the smooth operation of laboratories are among possible acts of academic dishonesty.Sanctions for Violations of Academic Integrity If an instructor determines that a student has violated the academic integrity policy, the instructor may choose to impose a sanction, ranging from refusal to accept a work product to a grade â€Å"F† for the assignment to a grade â€Å"F† for the course. When a sanction has been imposed, the instructor will inform the student in writing. The instructor must also inform the student that she/he has the right to appeal this inaction, and refer the student to the Academic Appeals Process described in the Bulletin of the Rosary College of Arts and Sciences.The instructor will send a copy of this letter to the Dean of the Rosary College of Arts and Sciences. The Dean will note whether a student has committed multiple violations of the academic integrity policy over time, and in such cases the Dean may institute a process leading to possible further sanctions, including suspension or expulsion from the university†¦ Mutual Respect in the Discussion Forums An atmosphere of mutual respect and courtesy will be maintained in the discussion forums. The teacher and students will respond politely and civilly to any opinions expresses by any member of the class.Disruptive and disrespectful behavior will not be tolerated. A warning for disruptive behavior will be given. After three warnings a student will be asked to withdraw from the course. Creativity requires the courage to let go of certainties. Erich From LASSES Tentative Course Calendar: Text Reading Assignments Topics 7/01 The Shallows Rainbows End———- Prologue 1. Hal and Med 2. The Vital Paths 3. Tools of the Mind 4. The Deepening Page 5. A Medium of the Most 1-5 My role as a technology consumer. /08 #2 Smarter Than You Think Rainbows End———– 7.The Juggler's Brain 9. Search, Memory 1. The Rise of the Centaurs 2. We, the Memories 3. Public Thinking 6-10 Communication 7/15 #3 Rainbows End———— 6. The Puzzle-Hungry 7. Digital School 9. The Connected Society 11-15 Education Midterm Assignment due on July 18th 7/22 Plain & Simple Laborer Excrescences Intro, Background & I 16-20 Leisure 7/29 #5 6- epilog 21-25 Vocation 8/05 Rainbows End Finish the book Final Project due on August 5th Grading for The Future of Everything The distribution of the grades will be: Weekly Participation and Discussion x 40 = 240 points 3. Weekly Assignment Questions Midterm and Final Project 120+ 120=240 points Letter Grade Assignments: 100 > A > 92 > 88 84 80 78 74 70 A- > 90 > 88 B > 84 > B- > 80 > C+>78 C > 74 C- > 70 D > 60 Weekly Participation and Discussion: Students will receive up to 40 points per week for completing the opinion poll and posting discussion entries. Students are expected to post at least two entries during the first round of discussion and two entries during the second round of discussion.Discussion entries should reflect an understanding of the texts and media as well offering insight into the topic. In other words, students will be graded in terms of compliance in terms of how many posts are written as well as the quality of participation. Suggested discussion questions will be provided along with assignment packet. The instructor will be monitor the online discussions but will not necessarily respond to every post. The course is designed to be completed in a chronological fashion.Once a new week beings, the previous weeks forums are considered to be closed. Generally, assignments are due at midnight of their due date. Weekly Assignment Questions: Weekly assignments include questions designed to valuate your comprehension of the text and engage you in thinking through the topics introduced in the assigned readings and media. Late work will be penalized in proportion to the delay in submission. Generally, assignments are due at midnight of their due date.Theme Papers/Presentations: The purpose of essays and research papers is to encourage you to do thoughtful independent research on a topic relating to subjects we are addressing in class. The format may vary depending on the nature of the subject and how you wish to communicate it. The famous â€Å"Common Assignment† will be your final project assignment. Late work will be penalized in proportion to the delay in submission. Generally, assignments are due at midnight of their due date. Emails and conversation with instructor: Students are encouraged to email their instructor about any questions and concerns they may have.Freshman Seminar: Dimensions of the Self (100-level) Sophomore Seminar: Diversity, Culture, and Community (200-level) Junior Semi nar: Technology, Work, and Leisure (300-level) Senior Seminar: Virtues and Values (400-level) While LA&S seminars are taught by instructors from various disciplines representing alternative approaches to the general topics, they share several features. As seminars, they are courses in which students, led by an instructor, investigate rorobbersdesign projects, explore resources, share findings.They are, that is, courses in which students learn with and from each other. The seminars are thematic. Building on prior semesters, they take as departure point questions that are both universal and urgent, questions that engage the whole person throughout life. Because all seminars at each class level share a common general topic and a common text or texts, they place at the center of students' Dominican education a shared experience; they embody for students the distinctive community of learners they have Joined.

Explore The Character and symbolic significance of Simon Essay

After the end of the Second World War, novelists had fighting time writing on events that had just happened. It made a lot of writers think deeply about mankind and themselves. One of these writers was William Golding who Lieutenant in command of a rocket ship; his first novel was an allegory called â€Å"Lord Of The Flies† published in 1954 it asks the question is humanity all evil/self-destructive. Through out the book mankind is portrayed in a very pessimistic way. The characters in the novel reflect a particular part of humanity Jack reflects dictatorship and he creates a division between the group of children, very cleverly he becomes the leader of a ‘tribe’ of animalistic savages that remind the reader of early man in its time. The ‘Littleuns’ symbolises the vulnerable in society, Simon, on the other hand, is their ‘saviour’ he picks the ‘Littleuns’ fruit from the trees, which they cannot reach. He represents the spiritual aspect of humanity. Simon as a character is a caring and compassionate child who has not a bad intention in his mind. He is not govern by the negative human traits that influence our day to day reactions; human traits such as aggression or hate red even to the children that treat him badly, he treats all the children equal and helps them when ever it is need. An example is when he helps the ‘littleuns’, ‘Simon found for them the fruit they could not reach,†¦, passed them back down to the endless, outstretched hands’. Simon or though his caring and compassion, he is quiet inarticulate, this is his only weakness, he finds it extremely difficult to communicate with the other children, this has an extremely bad effect on his ability to change the events on the island. Although his wisdom he never mangers to show the others how he could change the mistakes they make. He is physically weak and doesn’t really take part in the greatly physical activities. At the beginning of the novel, as they all meet at the platform, you find out that he has fits, so he is epileptic or has a disability similar to that. He sometimes tries to interact with the other children but he feels the pressured of personality, on his views on the island and the beast, an example is when he says the wrong thing. â€Å"What’s the dirtiest thing there is?† â€Å"Simon. He helps†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ â€Å"Simon’s always about† This quotation describes how Simon lives in peace with the island and all the children on it. Simon is the only one with unreal view and the beast he is genuinely different to all the others. But he still mangers to live in peace with everyone, even ‘Jack’ he mangers to get on with, there not friends as such, but the don’t really bother each other. Does with show that the other children can see that’s he is different and is some who respected because of this? Or though Simon does live in peace with all the others he is still treated and considered as an outsider by them all this is one of the unfortunate affects of being different, no matter how wise or intuitive you are. This is so easily sensed in the quote, when jack and Ralph go to find Simon. † He’s queer. He funny† They don’t not like him they just realise that Simon is total Different to them selves. The one thing about how the children see Simon is that it changes though the novel and by the end, most of the children, not all of them but a proportion of them, respect him and are quite fond of him. Simon, you can tell is instantly different to the rest of the boys, his absolutely wise view on the beast and island. But William Golding in this novel made him more than just a mere boy he represent intuitive thought, this is to say that he get his knowledge from nowhere really he just know it’s, When he is talking about the beast existents â€Å"What I mean†¦.maybe its only us† No child really think that way, William Golding is making it so that he symbolises Intuitive thought but it doesn’t end there. At one time as he goes to prove the beasts inexistent, it reach’s it climax when he meets an ‘the lord of the flies†, he has an encounter with the pigs head on a stick, the creature is crawling with flies hence calling it ‘the lord of the flies’. â€Å"Fancy thinking the beast was something you could hunt and kill!†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ â€Å"You knew, didn’t you? I’m a part of you?†

The Methodology of Risk Decreasing and Fraud Operations Avoiding with Essay

The Methodology of Risk Decreasing and Fraud Operations Avoiding with Payment Cards of International Payment Systems - Essay Example As the discussion stresses the great quantity of these methods gives us an opportunity to choose the most suitable for each specific task, for each kind of database. This paper declares that systems analysis of multiple risks is used when we have no considerable database of certainly fraud operations, which represents different fraud kinds. The idea of using this methodology lied in developing of system classification by degree and level of risk and situation recognition of given classification. Alaric, a company, which specializes on banking systems, insists that fractal systems of fraud prevention, based on adjusted rules with using Bayes logic, are more effective then neuronets. But the high result production of there systems can be reached only after 4 months for banks with great quantity of emitted cards and high branched acquirer system. The neuronet can help to create a mechanism of operation stream evaluation, which will be based on special rules. Firstly, these rules are defined by experts, later changed and corrected with system. This function is necessary system component, as the fraud methods are changed as times goes by, and detectin g them mechanically, we’ll miss more refined and, surely, more detrimental for a bank. The second task is trivial enough. For topology identification can be used next algorithms of local optimization with calculation of partial derivatives of first order; local optimization with calculation of partial derivatives of first and second orders.

ARTICLE CRITIQUES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ARTICLE CRITIQUES - Essay Example Another aspect covered by the article is sources of information for the recognition of potential threats arising from hazardous materials. These include location and site occupancy; placards, labels and other markings on mode of transportation, buildings and containers; as well as information about the physical and chemical properties. All these information provide HAZMAT professionals with knowledge and guidance in the handling of hazardous materials and in responding to HAZMAT incidents. Finally, the article tackles personal protective equipment or PPE’s which help reduce risks from hazardous materials encountered by HAZMAT professionals. All the initial information provided in the article should be well-known to the emergency responder of incidents involving hazardous materials. Moreover, all the inputs provided by the article should be further studied by individuals who deal with these materials. Lack of appropriate knowledge about hazardous materials not only run the risk of exacerbating the incident but also fatal risks for the HAZMAT professionals. They should be well-versed in the laws and regulations concerning such materials to be able to prevent untoward incidents. Emergency responders should also be able to recognize the presence of these materials and must know how to safely handle them. Additionally, in responding to emergency situations involving hazardous materials, HAZMAT professionals should be equipped with appropriate PPEs and should be well-trained in their use. The article provides an introduction to laws, regulations and regulating bodies concerned with hazardous materials. It gives examples of regulating bodies such as the EPA, OSHA, DOT, NFPA; as well as examples of regulation such as SARA-EPCRA, HAZWOPER, and NFPA standards. Even from the examples presented, the reader is made to realize that many entities are concerned with safety as related to hazardous materials. Although the examples are not explained at length, mere mention

Do Judges Make the Law or Find it Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Do Judges Make the Law or Find it - Essay Example An older dimension of the ideology that judges do not make law is captured in saying that judges find or declare law but do not make it.2 The question of whether judges make law or find and the arguments relating to this question is hinged on the roles of the three major organs of the government; the executive, judiciary, and legislature. It is argued that the legislative branch of the government has the mandate of creating the law.3 Nonetheless, it is true that the executive branch can make the law through executive orders which operate as law, and so can the judiciary branch make the law. While it is generally known that the judiciary is mandated to interpret law, it has over the years asserted its authority and has established itself as an equal branch of the government that can make law.4 Case law is a common example of the law that is created by the court system or the judiciary. Case law can be defined as the sum of body of cases that creates a body of law or jurisprudence on a certain subject distinct from legislations and other sources of law. Case laws interpret regulations, constitutional provisions, and statutes. Strasbourg jurisprudence recognized the powers of the courts to make laws.5 In R v Governor of HMP Brockhill Ex parte Evans (2000), it was held that even in the criminal law, the domestic courts can develop law through judicial interpretation of a case or more.6 So, are judges really law makers or are merely law finders? The fact that the main role of the judges is to interpret and apply existing law in a particular case is undisputable. Therefore, judges are supposed to find any existing law that is relevant to a case at hand and apply it to make legal decisions. In this case it can be said that judges are law finders rather than being law makers because they have to find law.7 The doctrine of separation of powers stipulates that each branch of the government should not interfere with the mandate and roles of the other branch and each branc h should be allowed to operate independently. In this respect, the court system should interfere with the legislature’s role of making the law.8 Instead, it should preoccupy itself with the role of interpreting the law. However, it is an appreciated fact within the legal fraternity that the legal system is dynamic and keeps on developing and so does the role of the judges. As such, it is expected that the role of the judges should not be confined only to finding laws and applying them, but rather to make law where necessary and leave their own legal imprint in the legal system.9 In common law countries, the case law left behind by the judges is used in applying to other cases that relate to the previous ones based on the doctrine of judicial precedent. It has been argued to a greater extent that the doctrine of judicial precedent is an indirect way in which judges make law.10 In common law countries and democratic states, the role of judges is perceived to be active and creat ive rather than passive. This explains why they have a special place in the judiciary branch of government. Apart from being expected to interpret the law, they are also expected to contribute towards the growth of the legal system of their countries through their knowledge, skills, experience, and creativity.11 Whereas the

Sexual Exploitation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sexual Exploitation - Essay Example Across the world, there are numerous women caught in the same trap as Meena. Women are the main victims of sexual exploitation since most societies disregard them. This is more so in countries like India where women are likely to be force into practices such as forced marriage. This paper focuses on the issue of sexual exploitation. The paper will involve an analysis of Kristof and WuDunn perspective on sexual exploitation as well as views by Meghan regarding women and girls as major victims of sexual exploitation. Chapter 1 of Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide by Kristof and WuDunn tells the story of human trafficking for sexual exploitation purposes. The story of Meena, who was forced into commercial sex at a tender age, demonstrates the extreme exploitation of young girls in brothels. In Nepal, government agencies such as police seem adamant about the issue, which has led to increase in sexual exploitation. Moreover, some government employees such police officers act in support of the brothel owners since they are beneficiaries of the sexual services offered in the brothels. Globalization has had great effects on sexual exploitation. With improved transport system, human trafficking is more rampant. Sexual exploitation is an offence against human dignity. The malpractice if often associated with forced prostitution and human trafficking (WuDunn and Kristof 3-6). As opposed to the belief that most people engage in prostitution willingly or for economic purposes, a considerable number of people are forced into prostitution. Globalization has resulted in an alarming increase in human trafficking. â€Å"While there has been progress in addressing many humanitarian issues in the last few decades, sex slavery has actually worsened† (Kristof and WuDunn 11). The increased in sex slavery is attributable to increased human trafficking. Human trafficking is mainly related to globalization. With improved

Marketing and Strategy Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing and Strategy Analysis - Assignment Example Strategic decisions are concerned with the issue of setting a direction for the organization to move or the course the organization will follow. Though very crucial, yet preparing 'strategic moves' for future often is not always based on hard fact, but on presumptions as well. It involves past experience, forecasting and 'surround-effect'. Reckitt Benckiser has over the year successfully implemented the strategy of building strong brands across all its key categories like surface care, fabric care, dishwashing, home care, health and personal care and food. If Lysol is a leading brand in disinfectant cleaning, Calgon holds the number one market position in fabric care in Europe. Similarly placed are the major categories like Vanish (fabric care), Veet (cosmetic depilatories), Mortein (pest control) and Airwick (air fragrance). This strategy has paid rich dividends for the company with its top 15 brands consistently accounting for a majority of the company's revenues, from 40% of total revenues in 2001 to about 56% in 2005. such a brand creation in different categories allows Reckitt to; The consumer products business is mainly driven by three basic demographic factors: population growth, household formation and household income growth. Reckitt Benckiser has been consistently on the lookout for such a market in order to register strong growth in many such developing markets. Increasing focus on the developing markets like India and China are part of this strategy. The strategy of Brand building in such a market helps in deep penetration of the product reach. This way the investment in brand building is more than compensated by the market revenues. Reckitt Benckiser has made strategic moves with the help of the management comprising of young as well as experienced with careful selection of team from different nationalities in order to solicit contributions from them in good measure which helps in devising marketing strategies for different markets. Bart Becht, Chief Executive Officer, a Dutch national leads the pack. He has served many good companies in various capacities. Bart is followed by five Executive Vice Presidents with Javed Ahmed (a Pakistani), Freddy Caspers (a German), Rakesh Kapoor (Indian), Alain Le Goff (French national) and Elio Leoni-Sceti (Italian). Company has segmented its market broadly in three categories worldwide; North America & Australia, Europe and Developing markets. This helps the company in gaining a broader outlook about different markets. PESTLE analysis for Reckitt Benckiser PESTLE stands for political, economical, socio-cultural, technological, legal and ecological factors. Political: The range of products that Reckitt Benckiser is in, doesn't make it too controversial and unpopular with any government or society. The company has committed itself to the health, safety and welfare at work of its employees; complying with applicable health & safety legal requirements; and, the continual improvement of its health & safety control arrangements and performance. The products too are categorized as safe and great emphasis is laid in understanding all the issues involving safety associated with its products. Keeping high standards of safety saves it from the ire of the political classes as

Outsourcing and Offshoring Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Outsourcing and Offshoring - Essay Example The changes at WW Company are in a bid to achieve 5% economic growth and cut down costs by 5%. The company believes that an incorporation of information technologies will enable it perform competitively in the transportation and distribution industry. In the restructuring process, WW has identified an area in service delivery and customer relationship that would highly benefit the company in achieving its goals. Firstly, the company has identified its existing operational systems as slow and duly lacking in optimal service delivery. Employees in various departments complain of too much work load in accurately feeding the systems with data. They say that the system is error prone due to the fact that most of the input work is done by the employees who are likely to make inaccurate entries. Additionally, employees complain that the existent systems are too slow in execution of tasks, thereby causing a hold up in work management and service delivery. The new changes in IT have seen a range of projects span up at WW. Among the projects includes the development of a Customer Relationship Management Software. Right before the introduction of the changes at WW, the management had a meeting where they decided to change the company’s strategic plan. The changes in strategic planning were essential in that they would suit the new direction that the company was taking, which involved incorporation of information technology. With the introduction of IT at WW, all systems would go upgrades and re-specification so as to ensure that they perform as expected. Additionally, the newly hired Chief Information Officer of WW was expected to introduce technological systems in areas where they had not yet been explored in the company. This includes the newly proposed Customer Relationship Management Software. The proposed project involves

A Review of Abraham Verghes’ My Own Country Essay Example for Free

A Review of Abraham Verghes’ My Own Country Essay Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nursing transcends cultures and geographical boundaries. With the emergence of a lot of medical conditions in the world, nurses and even doctors have a lot of stories to share with each other concerning the way they treat patients. Some of these stories are common while some are more peculiar than others. When those from the medical profession write about their experiences, those who read their work are bound to be immersed in their world and in their worldview.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dr. Ambraham Verghese wrote about the emergence of AIDS in Johnson City, Tennessee during the time the HIV virus has not yet become as prevalent as it is now. Dr. Verghese chronicles his journey together with his patients and the way he struggled in balancing his medical profession and his personal life. As Dr. Verghese came in contact with the persons with AIDS, he had to confront his own stereotypes and see his patients for who they really are and not for the labels and the stigma directed against them by society. The families of the persons with AIDS also struggled in accepting their identity as homosexuals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Verghese then spent time with these persons with AIDS, talked with them, listened to their stories, and went to their families so he can know them more deeply. By doing so, Verghese succeeded in presenting the humane side of persons with AIDS. The stories he told were filled with emotions and the experiences of people who have AIDS. He also looked at the health care system in the United States and the kind of health care service delivered to persons with AIDS. Apparently, there are incidences when patients are victimized, privacy problems are impinged on and confidentiality between doctors and patients are compromised. On top of this, a lot of people in the society still have their own prejudices, preconceptions and biases concerning AIDS. Verghese, Identity and AIDS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My Own Country: A Doctor’s Story is not only about the life of Verghese and his medical practice. It was a book about his awakening to the vocation of being a doctor. His book is a courageous look at a topic considered to be taboo by the rest of the society. It is revolutionary because during the 1980s, AIDS was slowly coming to the consciousness of the American society. Although he focused on Johnson City in Tennessee, his story dealt with the human condition and how love and fear can make changes in the lives of people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The autobiographical work of Dr. Verghese talked about the importance of identity. The doctor, himself wrestled with questions about his identity and various influences. He is of Indian decent although with an Ethiopian birth. To confound things more, he was also a Christian. He speaks of being an outsider because of his ethnicity and the way he was labeled as an â€Å"outsider.† He also thought that he was only needed as a doctor and when there are no longer medical conditions he needs to treat, then the community will no longer need him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Against the backdrop of race and his practice of profession, he managed to identify with the persons suffering with AIDS. He also explored how society gives identity to a disease and by association, such identity is imposed to the persons who are afflicted with such disease. To show this further, Dr. Verghese explained how society equated AIDS with homosexuality and sin. When morality comes in, the society looks at the labels and stereotypes instead of looking at the real identity of the individuals concerned. Because of this, Verghese managed to identify with the persons with AIDS and gathered their trust enough for him to help them reconstruct their identity and explore his own identity. Death, Illness and Narratives   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the lost art of medicine that Verghese rediscovered is listening and telling stories and narratives. He wrote that through stories, the dignity of an individual can be reaffirmed. Through stories, too, such dignity could also be denied to a person. Through the book he has written, he showed the way that the narratives of his patients got intertwined with his. Along the process, he becomes changed and even relates the narratives from the family members of those persons with AIDS.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The reality of death is very much present in the awareness of the persons living with AIDS. Family members are also aware with the possibility of death. Yet, at first they cannot see beyond the stigma of AIDS. With narratives and stories, however, they get to be made aware of the real personality of the individual with AIDS and recall their love and care for them as family member. Verghese, through his direct interaction with his patients and even with their families learned as much how families react to impending death.    The price of his method of treatment, or rather his going out of his way beyond mere delivery of health care is the way in which he became an â€Å"outsider† from his colleagues from the medical profession. As the persons with AIDS deal with their own lifestyles and impending death, Verghese continues learning from the way they muster courage and inspiration to live. Personal Response   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The approach of Verghese in dealing with his patients with AIDS is amazing. He went beyond the stigma of the society and the accepted way of doing things in his profession just to understand his patients and along the way, he managed to understand himself more deeply. What really touched me is the way that he spoke to persons with AIDS and listened to their stories. The benefit was not only for the patients. Verghese, himself benefited greatly from such an experience.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If I were in his situation, I might have stuck to the tried and accepted way of dealing with AIDS patients without going the extra mile for them. The example of Dr. Verghese is worth emulating. What he did transcended culture, social norms and stereotypes and eventually empowered the persons with AIDS. He was very brave in pursuing the questions he was asking himself. More than just providing them with health care services, he connected with them as a friend would. That is one thing that I could certainly use in my own medical career. Patients should not be seen as just one disease to be treated after another. Rather, the dynamics of human relationships and narratives should be utilized to the full. Implications to Advanced Nursing Practice   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Narratives and stories are important means of connecting with a person and developing relationships with them. With the example shown by Dr. Verghese, narrative should be a part of the delivery of health care so that they will not only be treated for their medical condition but their treatment could be hastened with the sharing of stories and listening to the concerns of the patients. This may entail additional work for doctors but it is also worth pursuing because of its good effects to the patients and to the doctors and nurses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nurses tend to interact with patients more. As such, they need to learn how to interact effectively with their patients and share stories and narratives. It does not have to be very deliberate or contrived. Rather, it should be as natural as possible so as to encourage better interaction.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nurses who provide care to patients in the hospital has to engage the assistance of family members too because they can greatly help in the treatment of the medical condition of the patients. Furthermore, as the family members and the patient interact more, they can be drawn closer together. Some nurses already practice this kind of meaningful interaction with patients. Yet as the need for nurses to engage in narratives and stories, they have to learn how to do this. Reference Verghese, A. (1994). My Own Country: A Doctor’s Story. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Psychosocial Factor Depression Copd Health And Social Care Essay

Psychosocial Factor Depression Copd Health And Social Care Essay This supporting paper supports the presentation on the link between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and the psychosocial factor depression. The supportive paper will explore, define and conclude areas of which may influence the health and well-being of patients with COPD and the psychosocial depression factor. The discussion of depression tools, guidelines, statistics and the long term use of oxygen therapy and care pathways will also be explored in this supporting paper (Cornforth, 2012 and NICE, 2009c). The supporting paper will explore COPD and depression as a separate condition and then link the impact of health and well-being. COPD is a collective term used for emphysema and bronchitis and is primarily smoking related as a consequence this leads to progressive airflow obstruction (Booker, 2003). The symptoms of COPD patients include a debilitating cough, dyspnea, excess sputum, chest tightness, fatigue and frequent chest infections. COPDs insidiously developing character means that patients often do not present these symptoms until consequential irreversible damage has happened (Britton, 2002). According to Vermiere (2002) when diagnosis is finally made healthcare professionals may chastise COPD patients for smoking, and causing a self inflicted disease. In turn not much constructive advice maybe given to help COPD patients to manage their condition and medication may not be prescribed in the mistaken belief that medication would not be beneficially (Vermiere, 2002). Healthcare p rofessionals may also unjustly chastise COPD patients, as COPD can also be caused by long term inhalation of asbestos, coal dust and pollution. The lack advice and medication given to patients with COPD may have enormous impact on a patients health and well being (Lee, 2008). According to the Department of Health the condition COPD causes nearly 25,000 deaths per year in England and Wales, and in the years 2007 until 2009 4.8% of deaths were caused by COPD being the fifth greatest killer in the United Kingdom (DH, 2011). Depression is the word used to refer to a variety of mood disorders, a collection of clinical conditions that differentiates the sense of loss and control and a subjective experience of momentous distress (Lazarou et al, 2011). Depression is a wide and heterogeneous diagnosis and can be presented in a variety of different ways. The psychological symptoms may include a continual low mood, feeling hopeless, feeling tearful, feeling irritable and anxious, having low self esteem, no motivation, self harm and suicidal thoughts and having no enjoyment out of life. The physical symptoms may include speaking or moving slowly, weight loss or gain, lack of energy, lack of interest in sexually activities, disturbed sleep and unexplained aches and pains. The social symptoms include decreased job related activities, social withdrawal from family and friends and neglecting hobbies and interest (NICE, 2009a and Elsherif and Noble, 2011). According to the National Institute for Health and Clinical E xcellence (2009b) the depression disorder is generally known as a psychological response in patients with COPD and it can be found in 20% of COPD patients. Healthcare professionals have a duty of care, therefore the recognition of depression in COPD is paramount (NICE, 2009a). Such tools have been developed to aid practitioners to diagnosis depression, for example the Health nine-item Questionnaire (PHQ9) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), these tools are used so that the patient can be considered to see if they require drug or psychological support (Cornforth, 2012). The use of the diagnosis tools in COPD patients reduces the potential risk of an acute exacerbation. According to Jennings et al (2009) patients with COPD who suffer from depression are at a higher risk of an acute exacerbation in turn this may lead to an admission to hospital. COPD and depression may also be linked with the continual occurrences of admissions, and the extended stay in hospital (Yohanne, 2010). Furthermore depression along with COPD may reduce the desire to recover and comply with medication and medical treatment, in turn this could lead to a delay in the patients discharge from hospital (DiMatteo et al, 2004).The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines (World Health Organization, 2008a) and NICE guidelines (2009a) have highlighted the need for psychosocial factors such as depression to be diagnosis in COPD patients. The NICE care pathways are also available to help health care professionals identify, treat and manage depression in COPD patients (NICE, 2009c). The Department of Health defines health as A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (Department of Health 2010, P.7). The presence of COPD and the psychosocial depression factor is the major cause of morbidity, disability and mortality and this can have a physical, mental and social impact on patients lives (NICE, 2009b). Factors that may contribute to depression in COPD patients are weight loss, sleep deprivation and fitness levels. Weight loss is associated with COPD in particular the loss of fat as the disease progresses furthermore many patients lose weight as a consequence of decreased food intake as a result of dyspnea (Kelly 2007). In addition poor quality of sleep is frequent in COPD patients for numerous reasons. Firstly, coughing and excessive mucus may interrupt the onset of sleep, particularly since these symptoms may be worsened in the supine position. Breathlessness may also be worsened by the position and COPD patients may have numerous incidents of nocturnal dyspnea, which causes recurring awakenings (George and Bayliff, 2003). Finally COPD patients may avoid physical exercise or exc essive hard work due to the unpleasant symptoms of breathlessness, as a result the patients fitness levels may reduce and this may lead to muscle weakness which increases disability, dyspnea, loss of confidence and social isolation (Booker, 2005). According to Yohanne (2010) the chronic character of COPD and its related stigma can also lead to social isolation. COPD patients with chronic hypoxaemia rely on long term oxygen therapy (LTOT) to increase their survival rate. However the psychological effects it has on patients daily living are somewhat restricted in their capability to participate in indoor and outdoor activities, resulting in the patient suffering from depressive symptoms. Patients with chronic hypoxaemia who rely on LTOT for survival suffer from a diminishing quality of life and are susceptible to emotional lability, loneliness and social isolation in turn this may lead to clinical depression (Yohannes, 2010). The Department of Health defines wellbeing as A positive state of mind and body, feeling safe and able to cope, with a sense of connection with people, communities and the wider environment (Department of Health 2010, P.7) COPD and the psychosocial factor depression can not only affect every aspect of a sufferers life but it can have enormous impact on the sufferers family lives. The ability to cope with the loss of an active role in their family and society and the loss of intimacy and functional impairment is considered a burden to a patients state of mind (Gray et al, 2009).The British Lung Foundation (2005) carried out a survey regarding COPD patients daily activities, and the findings were 90% of patients with severe COPD were unable to do their gardening, 66% were unable to go on holiday and 33% had disabling breathlessness all factors that increase depressive symptoms. Patients with COPD who suffer from a disability can eventually become reliant on others to carry out every aspect of daily living this may include personal hygiene and grooming, functional transfers, eating and drinking, medicine management, bowel and bladder management and managing money as a result this can have a enormous impac t on a patients mental well being in turn this may result in clinical depression (Mooney and OBrien 2006 and Gray et al 2009). A patients state of mind and the ability to cope with COPD may cause the patient to experience negative thoughts and feelings such as feeling guilty, loss of independence, low self esteem and a sense of worthlessness they frequently criticise themselves for lacking in confidence, feeling irritable, impatient and frustrated all the factors may contribute to clinical depression. In some circumstances patients with depression and COPD may cause injury to themselves, experience suicidal thoughts and in extreme circumstances may attempt suicide (NICE 2009a and Gray et al 2009). This supporting paper has supported the presentation on the link between COPD and the psychosocial depression factor. The supportive paper has explored, defined and concluded areas of which influence the health and well-being of patients with COPD and the psychosocial depression factor. To conclude the main focal points, COPD is the fifth greatest killer in the United Kingdom and as a mortality rate of 25,000 per year (DH, 2011). Twenty percent of patients with COPD suffer from depression with extreme symptoms of self harm and suicide (NICE 2009a, NICE 2009b and Gray et al 2009). The symptoms of both COPD and depression have been emphasised to highlight the need for diagnosis tools, guidelines and care pathways. The main importance of this paper is the physical, mental, social, state of mind and ability to cope with COPD and depression and the impact it has on the patients lives (Cornforth 2012 and NICE 2009c). Word count 1374 References/References in text and headings and quotes 699 Total word count 2073

Confessions of an Economic Hit Man | Book Summary

Confessions of an Economic Hit Man | Book Summary Confessions of an Economic Hit Man is an autobiography by John Perkins. It tells the story of how the protagonist, Perkins, experienced a series of events that are astonishingly influential to the world that we live in today. It tells the story of how greed for money and power creates a web of deceit, traitors and shockingly murderers. It portrays how one country can exploit others, rob their natural resources, cause environmental disasters, poison their rivers and guide their politics. Perkins exposes the truth behind his own countrys administrations and its leading role models in the corporate world The United States of America. Perkins begins this book by introducing two concepts; Economic Hit Man (EHM) and corporatocracy. EHMs are a group of people who encourage world leaders to become part of a vast network that promotes U.S commercial interests (p ix). This results in the world leaders becoming trapped in a web of debt and providing the U.S with support politically, militarily and economically. In turn, the world leaders bring airports, power plants and industrial parks to their people and therefore guarantee their thrown. John Perkins provides a precise definition of EHMs that they are highly paid professionals who cheat countries around the globe out of trillions of dollars using techniques such as fraudulent financial reports, rigged elections, payoffs, extortion, sex and murder (p ix). The protagonist was an EHM for the international consultancy firm MAIN and its strategy is to target and persuade poorer country leaders to accept enormous development loans for projects which were to be contracted with U.S companies. They cheat leaders with false economic projections, Your forecasts determine the magnitude of the systems they design and the size of the loans , an EHM is the key (p 17). This form of diabolic manipulation, in their view a strategic investment, proved to be successful in countries such Ecuador, Panama and Saudi Arabia but if the leaders do not comply with the offer for loans and economic growth then the country and their leaders suffered, even murdered. EHM failure was not acceptable. The term corpratocracy as Perkins explains is a collective term describing corporations, banks and governments that work for the progression of the global empire using financial and political muscle to ensure that our schools, businesses and media support the concept of the system that is motivated by the illusion that all economic growth serves for the prosperity of mankind and the larger the growth, the further extended the benefits and that the impoverished are convenient for exploitation. Perkins also gives us an insight of the impact of corporatocracy on us as we are being exploited by the economic engine that creates an insatiable appetite for the worlds resources and results in a system that fosters slavery. This quote emphasises what we encounter everyday in our lives; in banks, governments, Nike and Wal-Mart and nearly every other corporation in the world and that we are convinced by this economic engine and induced to consume, consume, consume (p xii -xiii). A key question is why did John Perkins become an EHM? He implies that his choice of this career path was due to two events in his life; his loyal friendship with Farhad, a son of an Iranian general and his encounter with Anne, his ex-wife (p 5). His parents also played a role in his point of view since he grew up as a poor puritan among so many wealthy. According to the protagonist, living a life of frustration craving sex and money generated a pivotal role in establishing his aspiration to live the good life, which was the lure that MAIN adopted to mould him into an EHM (p 7). But the more vital question here is how was such a disbeliever in the corporatocracy become ensnared in its web of deceit? The answer is the manipulative strategy of exploitation. Perkins wife introduced him to an executive at the NSA (National Security Agency). Perkins then undergone a series of NSA assessments were focused on his frustrations, his upbringing and his relationship with his friend Farhad. This portrayed how seducible the protagonist was and he was later further lured indirectly to be trained as an EHM (p 9). When he began to realize the true nature of EHMs, he became juxtaposed between becoming one and living the good life or walking away. He often questioned if what he was about to engage in was right and suspected he was not but eventually greed and the appealing opportunities MAIN offered won and he justified his decision by presupposing that he will expose the corporatocracy after he advanced deeper (p 17). EHMs have been involved Panama, Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Ecuador. In each case the author describes various strategic tactics they employ and their various outcomes to the countries leaders, politics and people. Panama was ruled by its hero Omar Torrijos at the time Perkins was sent to make his economic forecasts (or in reality an economic hit). Torrijos believed in his countries right to rule its own Panama Canal with no U.S intervention (p38). In 1972, Perkins established a relationship with Torrijos where it appeared that the he knew MAINs true agenda towards Panama as he implies, I understand that your company wants more work and usually gets it by inflating the size of projects.. This time is different Give me whats best for my people .Ill give you all the work you want. It was obvious that this man was solely concerned for the benefit of his country and to benefit the poor as rather than himself and which in my point of view proves that not all leaders are corrupt. Perkins also portrays that Torrijoss selfless attitude would be seen as a threat but Torrijos expressed his knowledge openly that at anytime the U.S could assassinate him and that he will not be destroyed easily, We have the Canal The CIA will have to kill me! (p 72-75). His expectations came to life on July 31st 1981. His death, which my mother described as a mysterious plane crash, was a result of his true devotion to Panama rather than the U.S dollar. He renegotiated the Canal Treaty with the U.S President Jimmy Carter to surrender the Canal to the Panamanians and later refused to renegotiate it with President Reagan. The U.S wanted sole control over the Canal. When anything came in their way, the words CIA assassination are heard (p158-159). This is their strategy, either comply with their strategic exploitation game and sell your beliefs for dollars and power or they send in their jackals or the CIA to intervene. After the tragic assassination of Panamas hero, his replacement, Manuel Noriega, followed in his footsteps particularly with the project of building a new canal financed by the Japanese. This posed a threat to U.S firms; they could lose billions of dollars. During the George H. W. Bush administration a new strategy emerged to deal with Noriegas intentions. It was through loss of reputation and mass murder. In 1986, they developed a corrupt image of drug dealing for Noriega. In 1989, the U.S invades Panama with airstrike assaults on the unharmful Panamanian civilians violating international law (p 173-175). Perkins wrote about Ecuador and how the U.S oil company ChevronTexaco Corp contaminated rivers and open holes with four million gallons of toxic waste water which contained oil, carcinogens and heavy metals which poisons the Ecuadorian people and their animals (p xviii). Their democratically elected President Jaime Roldos wanted oil companies out of his country, unless they implemented plans that would help Ecuadors people, they would be forced to leave his country. His people were frustrated and so was he. This posed a threat to their strategy of corporatocracy, therefore a CIA assassination strategy was implemented and he died in a plane crash two months before Torrijos in 1981 (p 154-156). In 1973, an important event occurred that changed the strategy of corporatocracy, the Oil Embargo. This was due to the U.Ss support to the state of Israel both politically and with foreign aid. This caused five Arab countries including Saudi Arabia to stop oil shipments to the U.S (p 82-83). King Faisal of Saudi Arabia played a great role in this embargo since he believed in the freedom of Palestine and swore to pray in Jerusalems Aqsa Mosque. But like any leader that opposed U.S interests he was murdered in 1975 by his own nephew who coincidentally was just being educated in the U.S. As for their strategy for oil rich and strategically located countries such as Saudi Arabia, they sent EHMs, including Perkins team, to the House of Saud, with their strategic weapon, economic projections. In order to preserve their oil supply, Washington commenced a new strategy to lure the wealthy House of Saud using negotiations offering technical support, military hardware and training, and an opportunity to bring their nation into the twentieth century. This arrangement would guarantee the House of Sauds power and the U.S would receive large portions of petrodollars and forever making Saudis dependent on the U.S companies, such as MAIN. Perkins role was to forecast rough projections of the future of the kingdom if large sums of money were invested in its infrastructure by the aid of U.S construction and engineering companies. He described it as win-win situation (p 83-85). The author was assigned to persuade a member of the Saudi government, Prince W., of a possible new Westernised future of the kingdom in 1975. The protagonist soon realized his weakness for beautiful blondes. And he exploited that weakness and supplied him with his need of women which portrays the measures EHMs result in order to fulfil their assignment. Indeed his technique proved to be a success and Prince W. eventually relented (p 92-95). The diabolic outcome of this strategy is not the result of having a guaranteed unlimited oil support, but is the message the U.S sent; If other countries such as Iran, Iraq threatened embargoes, Saudi Arabia would step in discourage other countries from even considering an embargo (p 90). The U.S can not only further corporatocracy but it can even escape with supporting terrorists for their own gain and later pursuing them as outlaws. The U.S desired the House of Saud to bankroll Osama bin Ladens Afghan war against the Soviet Union in the 1980s and they both generously devoted $3.5 billion to the mujahideen resistance movement (p 99). Washington was supporting who it now name murderers and terrorists to further its political agenda, in fact it was an excellent strategy to exploit such movements and later destroy them. Since the success of the Saudi Arabia strategy in the 70s, the greed of the corporatocracy grew and EHMs were sent to Saddam Hussein of Iraq to exploit his oil reserves in exchange for infrastructural prosperity. Unlike the House of Saud, he did not comply. To Washington, Iraq represented oil, water and its borders with Jordan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, and Iran. It is at strike distance with Israel and the former Soviet Union. That would have control over its neighbours; some which are oil rich (p 182-184). Refusing to comply, Iraq was attacked twice breaking international law. Once by George H. W. Bush in the 1990s with air strikes and aerial assaults on civilians. And second, by George W. Bush in 2003 where he deceived the world by claiming Hussein owned weapons of mass destruction. But people implied at that time that he planned to sell his oil for Euros which triggered the war. John Perkins book furthered a vast amount of knowledge to my perception of world leaders. I was always sceptical about many leaders but never did I know about EHMs. I was aware about corruption in governments, the U.S compliance with terrorism and its double standards that caused the murder of generations, the emotional scaring of orphans and the theft of dignity, resources and morals of many countries. Personal examples of this is the differenced between the Egyptian government at the time of Anwar Sadat who fought to help free Palestine and stop the Israeli genocide and now where Israelis are using chemical weapons to bomb schools and orphan children and the Egyptians are denying charities to supply those children with food. In my point of view this is also due to the U.Ss strategic exploitation as Egypt relies on billions of U.S foreign aid. I believe that EHMs were in Egypt. Another example is Saudi Arabia and how its leaders stood watching the U.S butcher Iraqi civilians in the war in 2003 and allowed U.S helicopters fly to Iraq via Saudi Arabia. After reading this book, I also thought of mysterious assassinations of important politicians such as Rafic Al Hariri who was a supporter of Hezbollah who protected Lebanon from Israeli occupation and Benazir Bhutto of Pakistan. Those were people of similar standards as Torrijos and Roldos and perhaps I am right to now believe that those were CIA assassinations. The extent of the use of exploitation strategies by the corporatocracy was appalling and in my point of view the author was convincing and he was right to quit and expose this form of manipulation and terrorism employed by the U.S. As for a solution for corporatocracy, I believe it is in the reason of its existence, the reason why Perkins joined it, the same reason it was created; greed and power hunger. If we can perhaps teach American schools the importance of the life, liberty and pursuit of happiness of every country, not just theirs and about international laws, then they might realise the real terrorists. I agree with J ohn Perkins on his strategy of spreading awareness, using his book and the media, and his idea giving this book and talking about it to friends and family. I would also suggest translating this book in different languages, especially Arabic and giving it to Iraqis and Saudis so they can see for themselves the working of the corporatocracy in their everyday life.

The IQ Debate Essay -- Intelligence

Intelligence can be defined in many different ways. This concept has been the focus of numerous studies and investigations by psychologists and other scientific experts. Intelligence can be the mental ability to reason, plan ahead, understand a wide range of complex issues and learn from past experiences (Gottfredson, 1997). Intelligence is the â€Å"resultant of the process of acquiring, storing in memory, retrieving, combining, comparing, and using in new contexts information and conceptual skills† (Humphreys, 1979) Intelligence is commonly measured through the use of a number of scales and quantitative measures, like the Intelligence Quotient (IQ), developed by Alfred Binet in early 20th century to identify which French children needed more attention from their educators. The use of IQ tests progressively spread to all parts of the world. The use of these tests has raised controversy among psychologists and educators, with supporters of IQ tests assuming that the tests produce measure of genetically transmitted intelligence. On the other hand, critics of the tests have pointed out that IQ test provides a measure that defines intelligence through the use of cultural deterministic concepts. The ethnocentrism embedded in the assumptions of many commentators, has generated into a justification for a number of theoretical approaches, like those by Charles Murray and others (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/850358.stm). The dichotomy between the view that intelligence levels are affected by situational factors and the view that intelligence is genetically transmitted has dominated psychological debates on IQ throughout decades. The statements made by many commentators that intelligences depends on genetic factors has been ... ...c factors, but to education, parental supervision and other situational and environmental factors. BIBLIOGRAPHY Gottfredson, L.S. (1997) "Foreword to "intelligence and social policy". Intelligence Volume 24 (number1): pp. 1–12. Humphreys, L. G. (1979). "The construct of general intelligence". Intelligence. Volume 3 (Number 2): pp. 105–120. Marshall, G. (1994) (ed.), The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Sociology (Oxford: Oxford University Press. Safer, M. A. (1980). Attributing evil to the subject, not the situation: Student reaction to Milgram’s film on obedience. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 6, 205–209. Sutherland, E. H. (1947) Principles of criminology. Chicago : J. B. Lippincott (4th Edition) . Zimbardo, P. G. (1999). The Psychology of Evil. Stanford University http://www.sonoma.edu/users/g/goodman/zimbardo.htm

A Truly Hawthorne Nation :: essays research papers

A TRULY HAWTHORNE NATION   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many people have had an effect on this country. The reason for this lies in our country’s youth. The United States formed at a time when technological advancements allowed many more people to leave a legacy in its dawning. These advancements led to a creation of literary history. I find it hard to say one person had a larger effect on anything than anyone else, but some people do seem to stand out more than others. In helping to form, or even by just translating how others helped to form this country, authors were able to compile a great deal of literature. This literature has left us a way to learn about our history and many of the important people in it. One of these important people, whom also happened to be an author, was Nathaniel Hawthorne. He wrote about his own experiences, including his observations of other people’s experiences. His life led him to the right places at the right times. Today anybody can pick up his works and take from them the knowledge of what it was like to live during his times. Anyone who reads his work inherits just a little bit of his style into their own writing. There is so much of his own work, on top of so much work pertaining to him, in this world that it is hard for him not to have made an impact on it. He has served as a translator, taking in the influences of his time and especially the people of his time, to in turn influence the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nathaniel Hathorne was born July 4, 1804, in Salem, Massachusetts(Carey ed. 6). Here alone is where he gained much of his influence, both through his family’s history, as well as in his own time. Much of his persona can be understood by knowing some facts of his life. His father died, while at sea, of yellow fever in 1808(Carey ed. 6). Due to a leg injury in 1813 Nathaniel was unable to attend school and was thus home taught by Joseph Worcester for a short time(online:Dates 1800 to 1900- a timeline from Nathaniel Hawthorne: 4/1/99). In 1819 he attended Samuel Archer’s School, in preparation for college(Martin 11). In 1820 he was tutored by Benjamin Oliver(11). He began his studies at Bowdoin in 1821, where he was privileged enough to work along side Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Franklin Pierce, and other great minds(Carey ed.